Intro to Linguistic

1. Find the respective English consonants with the manners of sum under:

a) Bilabial
Bilabials  ar consonants sound produced when the flow of air out is stopped or restricted by the two lips. Bilabials may be  utter (vocal cord vibrating during the articulation of the consonant) or  unexpressed (vocal cords non vibrating during the articulation of the consonant). There are:
i. /p/ (the phoneme spelled p in pat): voiceless bilabial stop.
ii. /b/ (the phoneme spelled b in bat): easygoing bilabial stop.
iii. /m/ (the phoneme spelled m in mail): ( easygoing) bilabial nasal.
iv. /w/ (the phoneme spelled w in wet): ( soft) bilabial semivowel.

b) Labiodentals
Labiodentals are consonants for which the flow of air is restricted by the lips and teeth. Labiodentals may be voiced (vocal cords vibrating during the articulation of the consonant) or voiceless (vocal cords not vibrating during the articulation of the consonant). There are:
i. /f/ (the phoneme spelled f in fine): voiceless labiodental fricative.
ii. /v/ (the phoneme spelled v in vine): voiced labiodental fricative.

c) Dentals
Dentals or usually known as interdentals are the sounds in which there is a constriction between the tip of the tongue and the upper face teeth.



For some speakers, the tongue simply touches the tip of the tongue base the teeth, making a sound more correctly called dental. Interdental sounds are:
i. /?/ (the phoneme spelled th in think): voiceless interdental fricative.
ii. /ð/ (the phoneme spelled th in this): voiced interdental fricative.

d) Alveolar
Alveolars are consonants for which the flow of air is stopped or keep by creating a block or a subatomic aperture between the tongue and the alveolar ridge. Alveolars may be voiced (vocal cords vibrating during the articulation of the consonant) or voiceless (vocal cords not vibrating during the articulation of the consonant). The alveolar consonant sounds commonly used are:
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